Planning for Eco-tourism Development in Zimbabwe: Challenges and Options

Abstract

This paper seeks to explore past and current contexts of eco-tourism in Zimbabwe and present options that are worth considering for the realisation of successful eco-tourism in the country. This is against the background that eco-tourism is key to local and national development as well as a fundamental climate change mitigation strategy. However, the major drawbacks and options for eco-tourism in Zimbabwe remain not fully explored. To find out the reality, the study engaged a case study method that was based on extensive literature and document review. The study used seven local cases; five are from larger towns and cities namely: Harare, Bulawayo, Chipinge, Victoria Falls, Mutare and the other two were selected growth points in Mashonaland West Province namely Siakobvu and Magunje. Evidence from the sources indicates that eco-tourism in Zimbabwe has been promoted since the late 1980s but it is yet to significantly meet the goals of preservation of pristine areas and improve livelihoods of local communities. It has also emerged that climate change presents both threats and new opportunities to eco-tourism at both global and national scales. It is concluded that eco-tourism is crucial for both economic development and ecological preservation but remains a sleeping giant that remains untapped in Zimbabwe. It is recommended that government, private sector, NGOs and community members collaborate to revive eco-tourism in Zimbabwe. Strategic policies and plans which amplify the active participation of local communities are essential for the realisation of eco-tourism goals.